Unit I: General Geology, Mineralogy and Petrology a) Introduction to the subject, scope and sub divisions. General Geology: The Earth as a planet, Interior & General composition of the Earth, The rock cycle. b) Introduction to mineralogy: Physical Properties of Minerals, Classification of Minerals, silicate and non-silicate minerals, Rock forming minerals. c) Introduction to petrology and Broad classification of rocks. Igneous Petrology: Plutonic, Hypabyssal and Volcanic rocks, Structures, Textures and Classification of Igneous rocks. Study of common rock types prescribed in practical work and their engineering applications. Secondary Petrology: Rock weathering, Sedimentary Structures, lithification and digenesis Process, Genetic classification of secondary rocks and grain size classification and Textures, Study of common rock types prescribed in practical work and their civil engineering applications. Metamorphic Petrology: Agents, Types of metamorphism, Texture and structures. Study of common rock types prescribed in practical work and their civil engineering applications. (Chapter - 1) Unit II: Geomorphology and Historical Geology a) Geomorphology: Endogenic and Exogenic processes, Geological action by fluvial process i.e. river and Landforms formed it, Aeolian and glacial process, Coastal geomorphology. b) Historical Geology: General principles of Stratigraphy, Geological time scale w.r.t. Indian geological time scale, Physiographic divisions of India, Archean’s&Dharwar formation, Cudappah formations, Vindhyan formations, Gondwana formations, Deccan Trap formations, significance of their structural characters in major civil engineering activities. (Chapter - 2)