UNIT-I Stereoisomerism Optical isomerism – Optical activity, enantiomerism, diastereoisomerism, meso compounds. Elements of symmetry, chiral and achiral molecules. DL system of nomenclature of optical isomers, sequence rules, RS system of nomenclature of optical isomers. Reactions of chiral molecules. Racemic modification and resolution of racemic mixture. Asymmetric synthesis: partial and absolute. (Chapter - 1) UNIT-II Geometrical Isomerism Nomenclature of geometrical isomers (Cis-Trans, E-Z, Syn-Anti systems). Methods of determination of configuration of geometrical isomers. Conformational isomerism in Ethane, n-Butane and Cyclohexane. Stereoisomerism in biphenyl compounds (Atropisomerism) and conditions for optical activity. Stereospecific and stereoselective reactions (Chapter - 2) UNIT-III Heterocyclic Compounds Nomenclature and classification Synthesis, reactions and medicinal uses of following compounds/derivatives Pyrrole, Furan, and Thiophene Relative aromaticity and reactivity of Pyrrole, Furan and Thiophene. (Chapter - 3) UNIT-IV Synthesis, reactions and medicinal uses of following compounds/derivatives. Pyrazole, Imidazole, Oxazole and Thiazole. Pyridine, Quinoline, Isoquinoline, Acridine and Indole. Basicity of Pyridine. Synthesis and medicinal uses of Pyrimidine, Purine, Azepines and their derivatives. (Chapter - 4) UNIT-V Reactions of Synthetic Importance Metal hydride reduction (NaBH4 and LiAlH4), Clemmensen reduction, Birch reduction, Wolff Kishner reduction. Oppenauer-oxidation and Dakin reaction. Beckmanns rearrangement and Schmidt rearrangement. Claisen-Schmidt condensation. (Chapter - 5)